Annals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases (Jun 2022)

Levetiracetam-Induced Pancytopenia in an HIV Seropositive Patient With SARS-CoV-2

  • Lemchukwu Chukwunonye Amaeshi,
  • Carolina Santiago,
  • Rochelle Dalsan Vaughn,
  • Chibuzor Franklin Ogamba,
  • Asli Selma Sucu

DOI
https://doi.org/10.7326/aimcc.2022.0115
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 1, no. 4

Abstract

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Levetiracetam is a widely used and safe antiepileptic drug, and levetiracetam-induced pancytopenia is an uncommon adverse effect. We present a patient case of a middle-aged man with seizures who developed profound pancytopenia within 4 days of starting levetiracetam. We suspected levetiracetam-induced pancytopenia, withdrew the levetiracetam, and started our patient on an alternative medication, which improved his blood count within 24 hours. This is the first patient case demonstrating levetiracetam-induced pancytopenia in an adult with coexisting HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infections, which did not contribute to his pancytopenia. Physicians should be cognizant of this adverse effect when prescribing levetiracetam to treat seizures.