مجله علوم روانشناختی (Feb 2025)
A field study on the concepts of job burnout, work-family conflict, psychological capital, and mental health of teachers with an emphasis on gender roles
Abstract
Background: The literature review in the field of elementary school teachers and factors influencing their profession, such as job burnout, mental health, social capital, and work-family conflict, has shown that there has been no study to date examining gender differences among elementary school teachers in Tehran in these aspects. Aims: The aim of this research was the considering of gender differences in burnout, family- work conflict, mental health, and psychological capital in Tehran elementary teachers. Methods: the method of this research was Descriptive, in kind of post event and casual- comparative research. Statistical society in this research consists of all elementary school teachers in Tehran (12656 teachers) and sample was 400 teachers (233 female & 177 male) were selected by equal assignment Stratified sampling method (each region 50 teachers). Research instruments consist of Masalas' burnout questionnaire, Carlsons' family- work conflict questionnaire, and Goldberg & Hillier mental health questionnaire, and Luthans, Psychological capital questionnaire. Analyzing methods were mean, standard deviation, skewness, courtesies, and Independent T-test. Results: There are significant gender difference in burnout, psychological capital, and family- work conflict. Burnout, psychological capital, and family- work conflict in female teachers, were significantly more than men teachers were. However, there are no significant gender difference in mental health. Conclusion: Nowadays, women alongside the key role in family and nurturing children are present in society as the strong and competent work force. Presence of problem in these tow domains is traumatic. According to this research finding and by considering women teachers high rate of this variables, providing psychological counseling services, psychological workshops for female teachers, and making flexible working hours are effective for decreasing burnout and family- work conflict.
