Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems (Jul 2017)
The influence of a selenium-chromium-lipid complex obtained from Chlorella vulgaris on the energy metabolism in rats with experimental diabetes
Abstract
One of the leading roles in treating diabetes mellitus belongs to chrome ions therapy (III), especially in the complex with selenium (IV). Currently selenium is obtained from unicellular algae, which contain biologically active substances and which are capable of accumulating exogenous microelements. By incubating unicellular algae Chlorella vulgaris Biej. in the conditions of aquaculture with sodium selenite (IV) and chromium (III) chloride, we obtained a biologically active lipid substance which contains selenium and chromium. The substance was tested for the impact on energy metabolism of animals exposed to experimentally induced diabetes mellitus. The diabetes was caused by modeling obesity of the animals with further injection of streptozotocin in the amount of 65 mg/kg and nicotinamide at the dose of 230 mg/kg. The rats were intragastrically injected with 1 ml of 1% starch solution which contained a selenium-chrome-lipid complex extracted from the Chlorella containing 0.6 µg of selenium, 1.05 µg of chrome and 0.5 mg of lipids for prophylactic, therapeutic and prophylactic-therapeutic purposes; the other group of rats for therapeutic purposes was injected with starch solution with the same composition of microelements in inorganic form – sodium selenite (IV) and chromium chloride (III). This paper presents the results of our study of the impact of organic and inorganic compounds of chrome and selenium on the energetic metabolism of rats exposed to experimental diabetes mellitus. The analysis determined that in the rats’ organism, the selenium-chrome-lipid complex from the Chlorella improved the indicators of the energetic metabolism – in the group of rats which received it for therapeutic purposes, we observed an up to 7.5 fold increase in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase compared to the rats which did not receive therapeutic treatment. The increase in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase corresponded to the increase in the activity of cytochrome c oxidase to 17.2% – in the group of rats injected with the substance for therapeutic purposes. Also, the selenium-chrome-lipid complex activated NADPH-glutamatedehydrogenase in groups of rats which received it for prophylactic and therapeutic-prophylactic purposes. A decrease in NADPH-GDH was observed in all groups of rats which were injected with the Chlorella complex, and its activation was observed only in the group of rats injected with inorganic forms of selenium and chrome. In rats injected with the Chlorella complex, we observed change in the ratio of NAD and NADPH-GDH towards increase. This indicates the intensification of the energy metabolism in the animals’ liver by using aminoacids as energetic substances. In the conditions of injecting inorganic forms of selenium and chrome, the ratio of NAD/NADPH decreased. Therefore, the results allow us to consider the algal complex obtained from Chlorella to be effective for regulating the energetic metabolism of subjects suffering from diabetis mellitus compared to the use of inorganic forms of chrome and selenium.
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