The Variability of Quantitative Traits Parameters of Facultative Wheat Affected by Sowing Time

Abstract

Facultative wheat can be an appropriate alternative for maintained high grain yield and quality in these changing conditions. Three alternative wheat genotypes were tested in a field condition for their agronomic traits- spike length, spike weight, number of grains/spike and weight of grains/spike, qualitative indices- grain protein content, wet gluten content and Zeleny index; and rheological parameters- dough extensibility, dough tenacity, deformation energy, as effect of different sowing date, autumn sowing respectively spring sowing conditions. The reaction of studied genotypes to different sowing date regarding the morphological traits shows that genotype and genotype- sowing date interaction has a significant influence on the studied traits. Regarding the reaction of individual genotype, the variability coefficient having low and medium values (6.54 % by Ciprian variety to 15.5 % for Taisa, in spring sowing conditions) in case of spike length trait, respectively medium and high values for the other characters studied, significant differences being observed between genotypes. Superior values for qualitative and rheological indices were recorded under spring sowing conditions for all genotypes, which means that the accumulation of biochemical compounds is favored. Also, the spring sowing conditions has a positive effect on relationship between the main yield components of studied facultative wheat.

Keywords

• facultative wheat; quantitative traits; sowing date.