Comparison between Bilateral Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block and Sacrococcygeal Epidural in Cats Undergoing Ovariectomy

Abstract

Background: Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) and sacrococcygeal epidural anaesthesia (ScE) have been used for neutering cats, providing effective pain relief. Objectives: To compare the effects of the QLB with those of ScE in cats undergoing ovariectomies. Methods: Feral cats undergoing ovariectomy were premedicated with dexmedetomidine (20 μg kg−1) and methadone (0.2 mg kg−1) intramuscularly. Anaesthesia was induced with 2–4 mg kg−1 of propofol intravenously and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. The cats were randomly allocated to the groups QLB (bilateral QLB with 0.4 mL kg−1 of 0.25% bupivacaine) and ScE (0.3 mL kg−1 of 0.25% bupivacaine). Hemodynamic data and analgesia rescue were collected at four intraoperative periods. The pain scale and motor block were assessed in both groups during the postoperative period. Results: The ScE results in increased hypotension, prolonged extubation time, and higher postoperative motor block than the QLB (p < 0.05). The QLB and ScE groups required a similar number of intraoperative rescues and presented the same postoperative pain scale classification. Conclusions: The QLB with 0.25% bupivacaine is a potential alternative to ScE with 0.25% bupivacaine in perioperative pain management in elective cat ovariectomy. The QLB promoted less hypotension and postoperative motor block when compared with the ScE group.

Keywords

• cat
• ovariectomy
• quadratus lumborum block
• regional analgesia
• sacrococcygeal epidural