Investigating the Temporal and Spatial Variation of Snow Depth over Mountainous Region of Zagros, Iran, for the Period 1979-2010

Abstract

In this study, the temporal and spatial variation of snow depth over the mountainous region of Zagros, in the western Iran, for the period 1979–2010 was investigated for the cold season when the probability of snow occurrences was high. For this purpose, daily gridded snow depth data relative to Era-Interim/land were retrieved from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and used for spatiotemporal analysis of snow in the region. Furthermore, monthly maximum, minimum and mean air temperature relative to the weather stations distributed over the region were also used to investigate the relationship between snow depth and air temperature variability in the region. In each grid point, the rate of temporal changes in the snow depth was estimated using the Sen’s slope estimator, while the modified Mann-Kendall Test was applied to assess if the change identified was statistically significant. The results showed that in almost all of the studied months, especially February and March, the snow depth was significantly reduced in the region, which was statistically significant at 5% significant level. Unlike the observed statistically significant decreasing trend in the depth snow in the region, a significant increase in the maximum, minimum and average temperature was observed for all the studied months and the stations. The result suggested that the observed decrease in the snow depth in the region was related to the increasing trend in the temperature during the study period, which could be attributed to the global warming and climate change.

Keywords

• temporal and spatial variation
• snow
• era-interim/land
• trend
• mann-kendall
• sen’s estimator
• zagros
• iran