Vіsnik Naukovih Doslіdžen' (Apr 2018)
PROFILE OF THE SAFETY OF ANTITUBERCULOUS MEDICINES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE PHARMACOTHERAPY OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Abstract
Despite the tendency towards stabilization of tuberculosis rates and mortality from this disease, the epidemiological situation of TB in Ukraine is unsustainable. Conducting of full chemotherapy, especially when standard courses are used, may be limited by the development of side reactions (SR ) of antituberculosis drugs (ATBD s), that requires from the physician the continuously evaluating of the risk, benefit and risk, the relationship between risk and benefit in administering ATBD s, monitoring SR , prevention and treatment in order to minimize deviations from standard circuits of chemotherapy taking into account the serious consequences of tuberculosis for both the patient and the community. The aim of the study – to learn the safety profile of AT ВDs, as well as the study, analysis and generalization of information on the side effect of anti-TB drugs on the basis of monitoring in Mykolaiv and the region in 2016. Results and Discussion. The taken analysis of the cases of drug abuse showed that among 912 card-reports on the complication of pharmacotherapy, 314 reports related to AT ВDs, which amounted to 34.4 % from the total number of cases of adverse drug reactions. The overwhelming majority of cases of complications of AT ВD registered in the region are the expected reactions in the form of a violation of the function of the gastrointestinal tract (38 %), the musculoskeletal system (19 %), allergic skin and its derivatives (15 %) and ototoxicity (10 %). At the same time, in 86.6 % of cases medication correction is necessary for drug replacement, and 20.1 % of patients need to cancel the suspect drug. It was found that manifestations of SR appeared in adult male patients (63.4 %) at the age of 31–45 years (44.8 %) with antituberculous therapy during the first 15 days (54.2 %). The drugs "leaders" in terms of the emergence of SR are: pyrazinamide (24.5 %), protionamide (17.2 %) and ethionamide (13.7 %). Conclusions. The results of the presented analysis underline the severity of the problem of complications of antituberculous therapy and the need to develop adequate methods for their pharmacological correction, which will help to reduce the cessation of chemotherapy, improve its effectiveness and promote adherence to the treatment of this category of patients.
Keywords
