Combination of 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole frameworks for new high-energy and low-sensitivity compounds

Abstract

Abstracts: In this study, a series of energetic compounds based on C–C linked 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole were synthesized and characterized, i.e., 5-(5-nitro-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,4-diamine (compound 1), N-(3-amino-5-(5-nitro-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-4-yl) nitramide (compound 4), and their energetic salts (compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6). The structures of compounds 1, 2, and 4 were determined by X-ray diffraction. All the new compounds feature acceptable thermal stability (Tdec ​= ​185–266 ​°C), with thermal decomposition temperature higher than that of RDX (Tdec ​= ​204 ​°C) except for compound 6 (Tdec ​= ​185 ​°C). Moreover, the detonation velocities of compounds 5 and 6 are 9200 ​m·s−1 and 9024 ​m·s−1, respectively, which are higher than that of RDX (D ​= ​8795 ​m·s−1). Furthermore, the new compounds show low mechanical sensitivity (IS ​= ​20 ​J, FS ​= ​240 ​N) compared to RDX (IS ​= ​7.4 ​J, FS ​= ​120 ​N). These results will help to accelerate the development of new high-energy density materials.

Keywords

• 1,2,3-Triazole
• 1,2,4-Triazole
• Nitrogen-rich heterocyclic
• Energetic materials