A clinical audit to assess the adherence of the code blue team to advanced cardiac life support protocol and its effect on the patient outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kochi, Kerala

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a sequence of techniques that combines chest compression with artificial ventilation to manually maintain the circulation to preserve intact brain function. The aim is to maintain circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest until emergency aid arrives. Effective teamwork by Code Blue team raises chances of a successful outcome. The advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) guidelines were developed by the American Heart Association using the comprehensive review of resuscitation literature performed by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Aim: To assess adherence of Code Blue team to ACLS protocol, to assess outcome of resuscitation, and to compare outcome between those where ACLS guidelines were followed and those not followed. Patients and Methods: A clinical audit was done between 2014 and 2015 at Lourdes Hospital, Kochi, on inpatients aged between 30 and 80 years, with witnessed cardiac arrests/respiratory arrest. Pregnant and unwilling patients were excluded. Results: The common arrest rhythm was pulseless electrical activity, followed by asystole. ACLS protocol was followed in 58.7%. The most common deviation was usage of inappropriate drugs. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was attained in 53.3%, of which 28.5% were discharged (P < 0.05), which suggests a significant association between the adherence to ACLS protocol and ROSC. Conclusion: Although Code Blue team is ACLS trained, deviations occurred in nearly half of the resuscitations, which need to be reduced. Outcome was better in those resuscitations where the ACLS protocol was followed.

Keywords

• Advanced cardiac life support protocol
• cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• cardiorespiratory arrest
• Code Blue team