Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and apparent diffusion coefficient in evaluation of solid brain lesions

Abstract

Background/Aim. Advanced magnetic resonance techniques can provide insight in physiological changes within pathological canges and contribute to better distinquishing between different tumor types and their discrimination from non-neoplastic lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) in distinguishing intracranial glial tumors from tumor like nonneoplastic lesions, as well as for differentiating high- from low-grade gliomas. Methods. This retrospective study included 47 patients with solid brain lesions (25 nonneoplastic, 14 low-grade and 8 anaplastic glial tumors). In all patients 1H-MRS (at a TE of 135 ms and 30 ms) and diffusion- weighted imaging (DWI) were performed. The choline to creatine (Cho/Cr), choline to N-acetyl aspartate (Cho/NAA), N-acetyl aspartate to creatine (NAA/Cr) and myoinositol to creatine (mIn/Cr) ratios and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were determined. Results. The Cho/Cr ratio was significantly higher in glial tumors grade II than in non-neoplastic lesions (p = 0.008) and in glial tumors grade III than in non-neoplastic lesions (p = 0.001). The Cho/NAA ratio was significantly higher in glial tumors grade II than in non-neoplastic lesions (p = 0.037). ΔADC/ADC between glial tumors grade II and glial tumors grade III showed a statistical significance (p = 0.023). Conclusion. Our study showed that 1H-MRS and apparent diffusion coefficients can help in evaluation and differentiation of solid brain lesions.

Keywords

• brain neoplasms
• glioma
• brain ischemia
• diagnosis
• diagostic techniques and procedures
• magnetic resonance imaging
• magnetic resonance spectroscopy