Fishmeal Dietary Replacement Up to 50%: A Comparative Study of Two Insect Meals for Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)
Federico Melenchón,
Eduardo de Mercado,
Héctor J. Pula,
Gabriel Cardenete,
Fernando G. Barroso,
Dmitri Fabrikov,
Helena M. Lourenço,
María-Fernanda Pessoa,
Leidy Lagos,
Pabodha Weththasinghe,
Marcos Cortés,
Cristina Tomás-Almenar
Affiliations
Federico Melenchón
Agro-Technological Institute of Castilla y León, Ctra. Arévalo s/n, 40196 Segovia, Spain
Eduardo de Mercado
Agro-Technological Institute of Castilla y León, Ctra. Arévalo s/n, 40196 Segovia, Spain
Héctor J. Pula
Department of Zoology, Campus Fuentenueva, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Gabriel Cardenete
Department of Zoology, Campus Fuentenueva, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Fernando G. Barroso
Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Dmitri Fabrikov
Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Helena M. Lourenço
Division of Aquaculture, Valorisation and Bioprospection, Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Av. Dr. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
María-Fernanda Pessoa
GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Nova School, 2829-516 Monte da Caparica, Portugal
Leidy Lagos
Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
Pabodha Weththasinghe
Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
Marcos Cortés
Laboratory of Immunology, Centre of Aquatic Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Av. Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago 9170002, Chile
Cristina Tomás-Almenar
Agro-Technological Institute of Castilla y León, Ctra. Arévalo s/n, 40196 Segovia, Spain
The demand of optimal protein for human consumption is growing. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has highlighted aquaculture as one of the most promising alternatives for this protein supply gap due to the high efficiency of fish growth. However, aquaculture has been facing its own sustainability problem, because its high demand for protein has been traditionally satisfied with the use of fishmeal (FM) as the main source. Some of the most promising and sustainable protein substitutes for FM come from insects. The present manuscript provides insight into an experiment carried out on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with a 50% replacement of FM with different larvae insect meals: Hermetia illucens (HI), and Tenebrio molitor (TM). TM showed better results for growth, protein utilization and more active digestive function, supported by intestinal histological changes. Liver histology and intermediary metabolism did not show relevant changes between insect meals, while other parameters such as antioxidant enzyme activities and tissue damage indicators showed the potential of insect meals as functional ingredients.
