A Comparison of Optimized Sentinel-2 Super-Resolution Methods Using Wald’s Protocol and Bayesian Optimization

Abstract

In the context of earth observation and remote sensing, super-resolution aims to enhance the resolution of a captured image by upscaling and enhancing its details. In recent years, numerous methods for super-resolution of Sentinel-2 (S2) multispectral images have been suggested. Most of those methods depend on various tuning parameters that affect how effective they are. This paper’s aim is twofold. Firstly, we propose to use Bayesian optimization at a reduced scale to select tuning parameters. Secondly, we choose tuning parameters for eight S2 super-resolution methods and compare them using real and synthetic data. While all the methods give good quantitative results, Area-To-Point Regression Kriging (ATPRK), Sentinel-2 Sharpening (S2Sharp), and Sentinel-2 Symmetric Skip Connection convolutional neural network (S2 SSC) perform markedly better on several datasets than the other methods tested in this paper.

Keywords

• data fusion
• image sharpening
• multispectral (MS) multiresolution images
• Sentinel-2
• sharpening of bands
• super-resolution