Association between muscle mass, bone mineral density and osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Abstract Aims/Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased incidence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. However, the relationship between osteoporosis and sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus remains to be unclear. Appendicular skeletal muscle was adjusted by height (appendicular skeletal muscle mass [ASM]/height2) as a marker of sarcopenia. This study aimed to explore the relationship between ASM/height2, osteoporosis and bone mineral density (BMD) in this population. Materials and Methods A total of 192 women and 225 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited. General information, laboratory and BMD data were collected. Spearman’s correlation, multiple regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used to explore the correlation between ASM/height2, BMD and bone metabolism markers. Results Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that ASM/height2 had a positive correlation with serum calcium and BMD (r = 0.209–0.404, P < 0.01). In multivariate regression analysis, we found significant correlations between ASM/height2 and total lumbar spine, hip and femur neck BMD. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, ASM/height2 was the best marker of osteoporosis, with a cut‐off value of 7.87 kg/m2 for men and 5.94 kg/m2 for women. When these cut‐off values were used to identify sarcopenia, the risk of osteoporosis increased 6.036‐fold in men and 4.079‐fold in women, respectively. Conclusions In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, ASM/height2 was positively correlated with BMD, and negatively correlated with osteoporosis.

Keywords

• Bone mineral density
• Muscle mass
• Osteoporosis