FEATURES OF CHILDREN’S PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE I DIABETES

Abstract

. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. With DM-1 there is depletion of the CNS, cessation of the body, and violation of basic mental functions. Patients with diabetes have many fears, on the one hand, and seek peace and security, on the other. Almost all patients with diabetes mellitus-1 at the time of diagnosis, except for somatic complaints, have moderate depression, anxiety. After 6-9 months, the symptoms usually disappear, but remain in some patients, more often in girls, and even develop with increasing duration of the disease. Depression and impaired perception of diabetes mellitus have a negative impact on disease adaptation and metabolic control. Children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus-1 are at high risk of psychosocial pathology − primarily depression, anxiety, eating disorders, family conflicts, low self-esteem, problems with compliance with medical recommendations. An increased risk of developing psychiatric diseases is observed in 10-20% of adolescents with diabetes. Adolescent girls with family problems are in the highest risk group. Patients with diabetes-1 are also characterized by feelings of insecurity, emotional neglect, a desire to take care of themselves, and an active search for dependence on others. Children with diabetes are more depressed, more dependent, and more withdrawn than their peers. Two years after diagnosis, depressive and anxiety problems are found twice as often in children with diabetes than in healthy peers. In children with diabetes, life is limited to the disease, the fight against it. As a result, there is isolation, avoidance of contact with people, and passivity that lead to the formation of limited behavior: inertia, decreased activity. The development of disorders of the emotional and volitional sphere is facilitated by asthenia, which reduces the overall tone of the body. The earlier psycho-emotional disorders are detected in children with diabetes and corrective work is started in a timely manner, the more positive the expected results will be. Psychological and educational influences play a key role in determining the effectiveness of diabetes control in children.

Keywords

• children
• diabetes mellitus
• psychoemotional state.