Symmetry (Apr 2021)

The Influence of the Implant Macrogeometry on Insertion Torque, Removal Torque, and Periotest Implant Primary Stability: A Mechanical Simulation on High-Density Artificial Bone

  • Margherita Tumedei,
  • Morena Petrini,
  • Davide Pietropaoli,
  • Alessandro Cipollina,
  • Castrenze La Torre,
  • Maria Stella Di Carmine,
  • Adriano Piattelli,
  • Giovanna Iezzi

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13050776
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 5
p. 776

Abstract

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Background: The primary stability is a determinant clinical condition for the success of different dental implants macro-design in different bone density using a validated and repeatable in vitro technique employing solid rigid polyurethane blocks. Materials and Methods: Five implants 3.8 × 13 mm2 for each macro-design (i.e., IK—tapered; IC—cylindric; and IA—active blade shape) were positioned into 20- and 30- pounds per cubic foot (PCF) polyurethane blocks. Bucco-lingual (BL) and mesial-distal (MD) implant stability quotient score (ISQ) was assessed by resonance frequency analysis while, insertion/removal torques were evaluated by dynamometric ratchet. Results: IC implants shown better primary stability in terms of ISQ compared to IA and IK in lower density block (20 PCF), while IK was superior to IA in higher density (30 PCF). IC shown higher removal torque in 30-PCF compared to IA and IC. Conclusions: The study effectiveness on polyurethane artificial bone with isotropic symmetry structure showed that the implants macro-design might represent a key factor on primary stability, in particular on low-density alveolar bone. Clinicians should consider patients features and implant geometry during low-density jaws rehabilitation. Further investigations are needed to generalize these findings.

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