Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Aug 2000)

Trypanosoma cruzi -- the vector-parasite paradox

  • CJ Schofield

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762000000400016
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 95, no. 4
pp. 535 – 544

Abstract

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Trypanosoma cruzi and the majority of its insect vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) are confined to the Americas. But while recent molecular studies indicate a relatively ancient origin for the parasite (~65 million years ago) there is increasing evidence that the blood-sucking triatomine vectors have evolved comparatively recently (<5 mya). This review examines the evidence for these ideas, and attempts to reconcile the apparent paradox by suggesting that marsupial opossums (Didelphidae) may have played a role, not just as original reservoir hosts, but also as original vectors of the parasite.

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