Effect of P123 on pore structure and electrochemical performance of porous TiN powders

Abstract

The porous TiO2 powders were prepared by sol-gel method using titanium tetrachloride as titanium source, P123 as template agent and cyanamide as stabilizer agent, respectively. The porous TiN powders were synthesized via reduction and nitridation of the porous TiO2 powders at 900℃ in NH3. The phase composition and microstructure of the porous TiN powders were characterized by the XRD, SEM, BET, TEM and SAXD. The electrochemistry performance of the porous TiN powders was evaluated through the cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance and constant current charge-discharge techniques. The results show that the porous powders have approximate spherical particles with cubic TiN phase. Compared to the porous TiN powders without P123 adding, the mesopores with pore diameter range of 10-50nm increased in the porous TiN powders with P123 adding. There are also some pores with size range of 2-3nm. Meanwhile the porous TiN powders with P123 adding exhibit more ordered mesopores. This porous structure can improve the electrochemistry performance of the TiN powders. As a result, for the porous TiN powders without P123 adding, the specific capacitance is 81F·g-1. The internal resistance R1 is 1.1Ω, and the ion diffusion impedance W1 is 2.5Ω. For the porous TiN powders with P123 adding, the specific capacitance is increased to 95F·g-1, the R1 and W1 value are decreased to 0.9Ω and 0.06Ω, respectively.

Keywords

• porous tin powder
• p123
• reduction and nitridation
• electrochemistry