Simplified modeling of polycrystalline solar module performance in a semi-arid region

Abstract

The performance of polycrystalline solar modules in semi-arid regions, such as Aswan City, Egypt, can be significantly influenced by local climatic conditions. This study aims to develop simplified models to accurately predict the thermal and electrical performance of these modules. We propose three models that directly correlate incident solar radiation with temperature under clear sky conditions. These models were validated against nominal operating cell temperature values, showing strong agreement. Our results indicate electrical efficiencies between 17.24 % and 15.92 %, and exergy efficiencies from 16.64 % to 14.53 %. The energy payback time was determined to be 2.17 years. Additionally, the PV system demonstrated a sustainability index above one and is expected to mitigate approximately 14.4 tons of CO2 emissions per square meter over a 25-year lifespan. Compared to complex PV models, our simplified models offer practical advantages, advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by enhancing solar energy efficiency, promoting economic growth, fostering sustainable cities, and contributing to climate action in Aswan.

Keywords

• Mathematical models
• Thermal and electrical performance
• Cell temperature prediction
• Electrical and exergy efficiency
• CO2 emission