Sex Differences and Regulatory Actions of Estrogen in Cardiovascular System

Kazutaka Ueda; Nobuaki Fukuma; Yusuke Adachi; Genri Numata; Hiroyuki Tokiwa; Masayuki Toyoda; Akira Otani; Masaki Hashimoto; Pang-Yen Liu; Eiki Takimoto; Eiki Takimoto

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.738218

Frontiers in Physiology (Sep 2021)

Sex Differences and Regulatory Actions of Estrogen in Cardiovascular System

Kazutaka Ueda,
Nobuaki Fukuma,
Yusuke Adachi,
Genri Numata,
Hiroyuki Tokiwa,
Masayuki Toyoda,
Akira Otani,
Masaki Hashimoto,
Pang-Yen Liu,
Eiki Takimoto,
Eiki Takimoto

Affiliations

Kazutaka Ueda: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Nobuaki Fukuma: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Yusuke Adachi: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Genri Numata: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Hiroyuki Tokiwa: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Masayuki Toyoda: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Akira Otani: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Masaki Hashimoto: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Pang-Yen Liu: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Eiki Takimoto: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan
Eiki Takimoto: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.738218
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 12

Abstract

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Great progress has been made in the understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and this has improved the prevention and prognosis of CVDs. However, while sex differences in CVDs have been well documented and studied for decades, their full extent remains unclear. Results of the latest clinical studies provide strong evidence of sex differences in the efficacy of drug treatment for heart failure, thereby possibly providing new mechanistic insights into sex differences in CVDs. In this review, we discuss the significance of sex differences, as rediscovered by recent studies, in the pathogenesis of CVDs. First, we provide an overview of the results of clinical trials to date regarding sex differences and hormone replacement therapy. Then, we discuss the role of sex differences in the maintenance and disruption of cardiovascular tissue homeostasis.

Published in Frontiers in Physiology

ISSN: 1664-042X (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Physiology
Website: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology

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Abstract

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