mSphere (Jun 2022)
PARIS and SPARTA: Finding the Achilles’ Heel of SARS-CoV-2
- Viviana Simon,
- Vamsi Kota,
- Ryan F. Bloomquist,
- Hannah B. Hanley,
- David Forgacs,
- Savita Pahwa,
- Suresh Pallikkuth,
- Loren G. Miller,
- Joanna Schaenman,
- Michael R. Yeaman,
- David Manthei,
- Joshua Wolf,
- Aditya H. Gaur,
- Jeremie H. Estepp,
- Komal Srivastava,
- Juan Manuel Carreño,
- Frans Cuevas,
- Ali H. Ellebedy,
- Aubree Gordon,
- Riccardo Valdez,
- Sarah Cobey,
- Elaine F. Reed,
- Ravindra Kolhe,
- Paul G. Thomas,
- Stacey Schultz-Cherry,
- Ted M. Ross,
- Florian Krammer
Affiliations
- Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Vamsi Kota
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Ryan F. Bloomquist
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Hannah B. Hanley
- Center for Vaccine and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- David Forgacs
- Center for Vaccine and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Savita Pahwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Suresh Pallikkuth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Loren G. Miller
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Joanna Schaenman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Michael R. Yeaman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- David Manthei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Joshua Wolf
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Aditya H. Gaur
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Jeremie H. Estepp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Komal Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Juan Manuel Carreño
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Frans Cuevas
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Ali H. Ellebedy
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Riccardo Valdez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Sarah Cobey
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Elaine F. Reed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Paul G. Thomas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Stacey Schultz-Cherry
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Ted M. Ross
- Center for Vaccine and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00179-22
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 7,
no. 3
Abstract
ABSTRACT To understand reinfection rates and correlates of protection for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we established eight different longitudinal cohorts in 2020 under the umbrella of the PARIS (Protection Associated with Rapid Immunity to SARS-CoV-2)/SPARTA (SARS SeroPrevalence And Respiratory Tract Assessment) studies. Here, we describe the PARIS/SPARTA cohorts, the harmonized assays and analysis that are performed across the cohorts, as well as case definitions for SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection that have been established by the team of PARIS/SPARTA investigators. IMPORTANCE Determining reinfection rates and correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection induced by both natural infection and vaccination is of high significance for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Furthermore, understanding reinfections or infection after vaccination and the role immune escape plays in these scenarios will inform the need for updates of the current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and help update guidelines suitable for the postpandemic world.
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