Gastroenterologìa (Sep 2022)

Features of the histostructure of the gastric mucosa in patients with atrophic gastritis combined with thyroid pathology

  • Yu.M. Stepanov,
  • L.M. Mosiychuk,
  • Yu.A. Gaidar,
  • O.M. Shevtsova,
  • O.P. Petishko,
  • D.F. Mylostiva

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22141/2308-2097.56.3.2022.504
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 56, no. 3
pp. 156 – 162

Abstract

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Background. The search for factors that influence the progression of structural remodeling of the gastric mucosa and carcinogenesis remains a promising area of gastroenterology. The purpose of the study: to study the microstructure of the gastric mucosa in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis depending on the pre­sence of structural changes in the thyroid gland. Materials and methods. A study of histostructural changes of the gastric mucosa was carried out in 121 patients with atrophic gastritis, taking into account nodular and diffuse changes in the parenchyma of the thyroid gland. The degree and stage of gastritis were assessed according to the OLGA system. We studied the allergic component, the severity of atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa, the presence and severity of sclerotic changes in the stroma, and epithelial hyperplasia. Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland was performed on an ultrasound scanner Toshiba Xario (Japan). Results. The distribution of patients according to the frequency of detection of atrophy in different loci of the stomach showed that intestinal metaplasia in the body of the stomach was observed 1.9 times more often in patients with nodular changes than in those with diffuse changes (χ2 = 5.33; p 0.05) and 38.3 % more often compared to people without structural changes of the thyroid gland (χ2 = 6.27; p < 0.05). According to the results of the correlation analysis, a connection was found between the pre­sence of nodular changes in the thyroid gland and the degree of atrophy of the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach (r = 0.49; p = 0.011) and the angle of the stomach (r = 0.52; p = 0.037), the presence of intestinal metaplasia in the mucous membrane of the antral part of the stomach (r = 0.54; p = 0.013) and the angle of the stomach (r = 0.41; p = 0.028). Conclusions. The progression of structural changes in the gastric mucosa occurs most often in patients with nodular changes in the thyroid gland. For early diagnosis of precancerous conditions and changes in the mucous membrane of the stomach in patients with structural changes of the thyroid gland, it is advisable to conduct a thorough endoscopic examination of the stomach using modern highly informative technologies.

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