In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Oxidant, and Cytotoxic Activities of Four <i>Curcuma</i> Species and the Isolation of Compounds from <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> Rhizome
Aknarin Pintatum,
Wisanu Maneerat,
Emilie Logie,
Emmy Tuenter,
Maria E. Sakavitsi,
Luc Pieters,
Wim Vanden Berghe,
Tawanun Sripisut,
Suwanna Deachathai,
Surat Laphookhieo
Affiliations
Aknarin Pintatum
Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
Wisanu Maneerat
Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
Emilie Logie
Lab Protein Chemistry, Proteomics & Epigenetic Signalling (PPES), Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Emmy Tuenter
Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Maria E. Sakavitsi
Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
Luc Pieters
Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Wim Vanden Berghe
Lab Protein Chemistry, Proteomics & Epigenetic Signalling (PPES), Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Tawanun Sripisut
School of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
Suwanna Deachathai
Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
Surat Laphookhieo
Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
The genus Curcuma is part of the Zingiberaceae family, and many Curcuma species have been used as traditional medicine and cosmetics in Thailand. To find new cosmeceutical ingredients, the in vitro anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic activities of four Curcuma species as well as the isolation of compounds from the most active crude extract (C. aromatica) were investigated. The crude extract of C. aromatica showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 102.3 μg/mL. The cytotoxicity effect of C. aeruginosa, C. comosa, C. aromatica, and C. longa extracts assessed with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at 200 μg/mL were 12.1 ± 2.9, 14.4 ± 4.1, 28.6 ± 4.1, and 46.9 ± 8.6, respectively. C. aeruginosa and C. comosa presented apoptosis cells (57.7 ± 3.1% and 32.6 ± 2.2%, respectively) using the CytoTox-ONE™ assay. Different crude extracts or phytochemicals purified from C. aromatica were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory properties. The crude extract of C. aromatica showed the highest potential to inhibit NF-κB activity, followed by C. aeruginosa, C. comosa, and C. longa, respectively. Among the various purified phytochemicals curcumin, germacrone, curdione, zederone, and curcumenol significantly inhibited NF-κB activation in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. Of all compounds, curcumin was the most potent anti-inflammatory.
