Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (Jun 2016)

Concurrent SPECT/PET-CT imaging as a method for tracking adoptively transferred T-cells in vivo

  • Yushe Dang,
  • Jennifer Childs,
  • Doreen Higgins,
  • Sasha E. Stanton,
  • Janet F. Eary,
  • Edmond A. Marzbani,
  • David Mankoff,
  • Lupe G. Salazar,
  • Jessica Reichow,
  • Mary L. Disis

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-016-0131-3
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 4, no. 1

Abstract

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Background The ability of T-cells to traffic to and penetrate tumors impacts the clinical efficacy of T-cell therapy therefore methods to track transferred T-cells in vivo are needed. In this preliminary report, we evaluated the use of concurrent SPECT/PET-CT imaging to monitor the egress of HER-2/neu specific T-cells in a breast cancer patient with extensive bone-only metastatic disease.Findings Indium (In-111) labeled T-cells demonstrated similar or greater viability than unlabeled T-cells at either a low or high dose of In-111 over a 24-h incubation period in vitro. The function of labeled or unlabeled T-cells was not significantly different (p > 0.05) at either dose. T-cells trafficked to all sites of metastatic disease and infiltrated the tumor as assessed by SPECT imaging. In-111 uptake at 24 h after infusion varied from 3.8 (right proximal humerus) to 6.3 (right sacrum) background corrected counts per pixel and remained elevated at 48 h. Concurrent PET-CT imaging demonstrated a fluorodeoxyglucose flare, measured by increase in tumor site uptake as high as 32 % and at most sites of disease at 48 h. This flare was associated with focal pain after T-cell infusion at metastatic sites. The patient had stable disease for 18 months after completion of T-cell therapy.Conclusion Concurrent SPECT/PET-CT imaging, over a 48-h period after T-cell infusion, provided evidence of T-cell homing to all disease sites as well as a tumor metabolism flare response. This technique may be useful for monitoring T-cell trafficking after autologous as well as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell infusion.Trial Registraion Trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT00791037, registered 13 November 2008.