Deep Neural Network-Based Autonomous Voltage Control for Power Distribution Networks with DGs and EVs

Abstract

This paper makes use of machine learning as a tool for voltage regulation in distribution networks that contain electric vehicles and a large production from distributed generation. The methods of voltage regulation considered in this study are electronic on-load tap changers and line voltage regulators. The analyzed study-case represents a real-life feeder which operates at 10 kV. It has 9 photovoltaic systems with various peak installed powers, 2 electric vehicle charging stations, and 41 secondary substations, each with an equivalent load. Measurement data of loads and irradiation data of photovoltaic systems were collected hourly for two years. Those data are used as inputs in the feeder’s model in DigSilent PowerFactory where Quasi-Dynamic simulations are run. That will provide the correct tap positions as outputs. These inputs and outputs will then serve to train a Deep Neural Network which later will be used to predict the correct tap positions on input data it has not seen before. Results show that ML in general and DNN specifically show usefulness and robustness in predicting correct tap positions with very small computational requirements.

Keywords

• automatic voltage control
• deep learning
• electric vehicles
• neural networks
• photovoltaic systems
• power distribution networks