Наукові вісті Національного технічного університету України "Київський політехнічний інститут" (Sep 2018)
The Mechatronic System of Energy Saving Rock Destruction
Abstract
Background. The article considers the possibility of reducing the energy intensity of rock destruction due to the combined artificial fracturing of the face in addition to the existing natural fracture. The study was carried out in accordance with the “National program for the development of the mineral resource base of Ukraine for the period until 2030” (Law of Ukraine of April 21, 2011 No. 3268-VI). Objective. The aim of the paper is the energy intensity reduction of rock destruction by energy-saving mechatronic systems. Methods. The following methods were used: the induction method that determined the general shortcomings of existing theories of rock destruction; the method of Giordano-Gauss made it possible to determine the dominant conditions for the destruction of crystalline structures of limestones, gneisses, marls, sandstones, granites; the method of synthesis made it possible to distinguish the energy criterion in a system of destruction by an external energy flow; the method of theoretical modeling made it possible to determine the dependences of the modulus of elasticity of the first kind and the specific energy intensity on technological parameters, the energy flow, and the parameters of the crystalline rock structures; the experimental method has made it possible to confirm the analytical dependences of the elastic modulus of the first kind and the specific energy intensity on the parameters of the external energy flow and the parameters of the crystal structures of the rock massif. Results. It is established that the main parameters that affect the process of solid body destruction are characteristics and specific surface energy. An experimental verification of the proposed model showed that when the cutting speed is increased from 4 to 12 m/s, the specific surface energy decreases from 6 to 0.3 J/m2 for gneiss, from 0.69 to 0.03 J/m2 for marl, from 0.41 to 0.02 J/m2 for granite. With the increase in the distance between the cutting edges of the working tool from 0.01 to 0.08 m, the specific surface energy decreased from 0.8 to 0.5 J/m2. Conclusions. A mechatronic system of rotational magnetic-hydrocavitation rock drilling has been created. The system passed industrial tests on the quartz mine of the Tokavachevsky ore mining and processing enterprise. The energy intensity of quartzite destruction has been reduced from 95.0 to 87.5 kWh/m3 (8%), the annual economic effect from the introduction is 27000 UAH. Payback period is 2 months.
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