Biological Effects of Korean Red Ginseng Polysaccharides in Aged Rat Using Global Proteomic Approach
Yong Yook Lee,
Sung-Won Kim,
Soo-Hyun Youn,
Sun Hee Hyun,
Jong-Su Kyung,
Gyo In,
Chae-Kyu Park,
Hye Ryeon Jung,
Seung Ju Moon,
Min Jeung Kang,
Eugene C. Yi,
Chang-Kyun Han
Affiliations
Yong Yook Lee
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Sung-Won Kim
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Soo-Hyun Youn
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Sun Hee Hyun
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Jong-Su Kyung
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Gyo In
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Chae-Kyu Park
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Hye Ryeon Jung
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
Seung Ju Moon
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
Min Jeung Kang
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
Eugene C. Yi
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
Chang-Kyun Han
Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea
Much has been written on the physiological benefits of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG). Among its various components, ginsenosides have been widely investigated for their various pharmacological effects. However, polysaccharides are a major KRG component that has not received scrutiny similar to that of ginsenosides. The present study aims to fill that gap in the existing literature and to investigate the possible functions of polysaccharide in KRG. The researchers evaluated proteomic changes in non-saponin fractions with rich polysaccharides (NFP) in KRG. Based on the serum analysis, proteomics analysis of the liver and the spleen was additionally conducted to identify related functions. We validated the suggested functions of NFP with the galactosamine-induced liver injury model and the cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression model. Then, we evaluated the antimetastatic potential of NFP in the lungs. Further proteomics analysis of the spleen and liver after ingestion confirmed functions related to immunity, cancer, hepatoprotection, and others. Then, we validated the suggested corresponding functions of the NFP in vivo model. NFP showed immune-enhancing effects, inhibited melanoma cell metastasis in the lung, and decreased liver damage. The results show that using the proteomic approach uncovers the potential effects of polysaccharides in KRG, which include enhancing the immune system and protecting the liver.
