Deeper insight into ferroptosis: association with Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, and brain tumors and their possible treatment by nanomaterials induced ferroptosis
Virendra Kumar Yadav,
Nisha Choudhary,
Amel Gacem,
Rakesh Kumar Verma,
Mohd Abul Hasan,
Mohammad Tarique Imam,
Ziyad Saeed Almalki,
Krishna Kumar Yadav,
Hyun-Kyung Park,
Tathagata Ghosh,
Pankaj Kumar,
Ashish Patel,
Haresh Kalasariya,
Byong-Hun Jeon,
Hassan Ali AlMubarak
Affiliations
Virendra Kumar Yadav
Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
Nisha Choudhary
Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
Amel Gacem
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, Skikda, Algeria
Rakesh Kumar Verma
Department of Biosciences, School of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Sikar, India
Mohd Abul Hasan
Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
Mohammad Tarique Imam
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Ziyad Saeed Almalki
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Krishna Kumar Yadav
Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, India
Hyun-Kyung Park
Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Tathagata Ghosh
Department of Arts, School of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Sikar, India
Pankaj Kumar
Department of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, India
Ashish Patel
Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
Haresh Kalasariya
Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
Byong-Hun Jeon
Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Hassan Ali AlMubarak
Division of Radiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
ABSTRACTFerroptosis is an emerging and novel type of iron-dependent programmed cell death which is mainly caused by the excessive deposition of free intracellular iron in the brain cells. This deposited free iron exerts a ferroptosis pathway, resulting in lipid peroxidation (LiPr). There are mainly three ferroptosis pathways viz. iron metabolism-mediated cysteine/glutamate, and LiPr-mediated. Iron is required by the brain as a redox metal for several physiological activities. Due to the iron homeostasis balance disruption, the brain gets adversely affected which further causes neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, strokes, and brain tumors like glioblastoma (GBS), and glioma. Nanotechnology has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of these NDDs. A synergistic effect of nanomaterials and ferroptosis could prove to be an effective and efficient approach in the field of nanomedicine. In the current review, the authors have highlighted all the latest research in the field of ferroptosis, specifically emphasizing on the role of major molecular key players and various mechanisms involved in the ferroptosis pathway. Moreover, here the authors have also addressed the correlation of ferroptosis with the pathophysiology of NDDs and theragnostic effect of ferroptosis and nanomaterials for the prevention and treatment of NDDs.
