Scientific Reports (Sep 2021)

Disruption of the oral microbiota is associated with a higher risk of relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

  • Vinícius Campos de Molla,
  • Vitor Heidrich,
  • Julia Stephanie Bruno,
  • Franciele Hinterholz Knebel,
  • Wanessa Miranda-Silva,
  • Paula Fontes Asprino,
  • Luciana Tucunduva,
  • Vanderson Rocha,
  • Yana Novis,
  • Anamaria Aranha Camargo,
  • Eduardo Rodrigues Fregnani,
  • Celso Arrais-Rodrigues

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96939-8
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 1
pp. 1 – 11

Abstract

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Abstract Intestinal microbiota (IM) diversity and composition regulates host immunity and affects outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We evaluated if the oral mucosa microbiota (OM) could impact the outcomes in patients who underwent allo-HSCT. Samples from the oral mucosa of 30 patients were collected at three time points: before the conditioning regimen, at aplasia, and at engraftment. We analyzed the associations of OM diversity and composition with allo-HSCT outcomes. Lower OM diversity at preconditioning was associated with a higher risk of relapse at 3 years (68% versus 33%, respectively; P = 0.04). Dominance (relative abundance ≥ 30%) by a single genus at preconditioning was also associated with a higher risk of relapse (63% versus 36% at 3 years, respectively; P = 0.04), as well as worse progression-free survival (PFS; 19% versus 55%, respectively; P = 0.01), and overall survival (OS) at 3 years (38% versus 81%, respectively; P = 0.02). In our study we observed that OM dysbiosis is associated with a higher risk of relapse and worse survival after allo-HSCT.