International Journal of General Medicine (May 2022)
Serum NOX4 as a Promising Prognostic Biomarker in Association with 90-Day Outcome of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Abstract
Feng Jiang,1,2 Zhicheng Chen,1,2 Jiemiao Hu,1,2 Qianzhi Liu1,2 1Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, 315336, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315336, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiemiao Hu, Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, 1155 Binhai Second Road, Ningbo, 315336, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 574 58981155, Email [email protected]: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) is related to brain oxidative stress. We attempted to examine the association between serum NOX4 levels, severity and prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).Methods: We measured serum NOX4 levels in 105 patients with sTBI. Trauma severity was assessed using Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and Rotterdam computed tomography (CT) classification. Study outcome data on death and worst outcome (Glasgow outcome scale score of 1– 3) were collected at 90 days after trauma. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine independent factors for overall survival and worst outcome. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was estimated to assess prognostic predictive ability.Results: Serum NOX4 levels were tightly correlated with GCS score (t=− 5.843, P 0.05) and it significantly improved their AUCs (both P < 0.05).Conclusion: Serum NOX4 levels in the acute phase of sTBI were associated with trauma severity, an increased risk of mortality and worse outcome, suggesting that serum NOX4 could be an important prognostic factor for sTBI.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, biomarker, severity, NOX4, prognosis
