Increasing the accuracy of desktop numerically controlled machines by using spatial dampers in their beds

Abstract

Background. The purpose of this work is to describe the proposed design of a spatial damper integrated into the bed of a desktop machine to increase the rigidity and damping capabilities of the “machine – device – instrument – workpiece” system, and substantiate the feasibility of its use from a technical point of view. The relevance of the study is due to the problematic nature of ensuring and increasing the rigidity of metalworking machines, especially small ones. When designing any machine tool capable of processing hard and durable materials, the issues of rigidity and vibration damping of the “machine – device – instrument – workpiece” system are critical. Since the main load-bearing unit of the machine is its bed, the emphasis was placed on this particular unit of the machine. Materials and methods. To justify the feasibility of using the proposed technical solution, an analysis of the mathematical model of the machine and its design diagram was performed based on information about the metal consumption and design features of the spatial damper under consideration. The source material for the study is the previously developed design of the frame and the scientific groundwork of the authors in this area. Results. It has been shown that the use of spatial dampers in the bed of a table-top machine is technically feasible and has a positive effect on the stiffness and damping of the entire “machine – device – instrument – workpiece” system. Conclusions. The proposed approach will make it possible to manufacture desktop machines with the required combination of damping and stiffness indicators without significant changes in their weight and dimensions and to improve the accuracy of machine operation.

Keywords

• rigidity
• damping
• synthetic grain
• polymer concrete
• desktop of numerically controlled machines
• precision machining
• reinforcing elements
• damper