Modeling the Fire Scenario in the Diesel Storage Tank of Iran’s Specialized Hospital using PHAST Software

Abstract

Background and Objective: Diesel storage tanks play a crucial role in hospitals and are constantly at risk of chemical release, explosion, and fire. The present study aimed to assess the consequences of a diesel tank leak in one of Iran’s specialized hospitals. Materials and Methods: This study utilized an applied research approach with scenario modeling using PHAST software (version 8.4). A discharge rate of 1000 L/min was employed for the fixed-duration release scenario. The necessary information for the software, including tank and meteorological data, was collected. The mortality rate and danger radius were calculated and analyzed for two tank volumes of 23600 and 12000 m3 in conditions of Sabzevar region in winter and 1.5 F of the software. Results: According to the tank type and substance released into the environment, the software displayed a pool fire. The most hazardous scenario was determined to be leakage from the 23600 m3 tank in weather conditions of Sabzevar (26°C, wind speed 15 m/s in winter). The maximum and minimum radiation heat from the fire were calculated at 44.7 and 94.2 meters, respectively. The mortality rates for exposure levels of 37.5 kw/m2, 12.5 kw/m2, and 4 kw/m2 were found to be 98.7%, 6.5%, and approximately zero, respectively. Conclusion: Fire safety in hospitals is a critical issue that requires a thorough examination of the factors that can lead to ignition and explosion. To mitigate these risks, it is recommended to strategically place diesel tanks, develop safety models for roadways, construct dams and dikes near tanks, regularly inspect equipment for corrosion and deterioration, and install sensors to detect leaks. These measures are essential for ensuring the safety of patients, staff, and hospital facilities.

Keywords

• consequences
• fire
• phast software
• pool fire
• tank leakage