Gastric Cytoprotection as Basis of Gastrointestinal Mucosa Protection and Repair in Erosive Ulcerative Lesions of Various Aetiologies

Abstract

Aim. Assessment of efficacy and the mechanism of action of gastrointestinal mucosa (GM) protection in current treatment settings with methylmethionine-sulfonium chloride (vitamin U) to illustrate its applicability in erosive ulcerative lesions of various aetiologies.Key points. Aside to damage prevention in exposure to aggressive agents, gastroprotection implies healing promotion under the preserved level of hydrochloric acid secretion. Prostaglandins (PG) and SH-antioxidants are key mediators of gastroprotection in acute and chronic damage. SH-containing endogenous substances (L-cysteine, D,L-methionine, GSH) and exogenous molecules (methylmethionine-sulfonium chloride (MMSC), N-acetylcysteine) prevent damage due to the ability to absorb/neutralise free radicals released in xenobiotic-triggered cell damage, inhibit TNF-α expression, reduce the aspirin-induced leukocyte-endothelium adhesion and stimulate mucin release. In experiment, MMSC prevented the ethanol-induced GM damage, stimulated mucin release and its redistribution on the GM surface; in clinical trials, MMSC effectively facilitated remission in duodenal ulcer.Conclusion. Preparations exerting a protective effect on gastroduodenal mucosa, such as methylmethionine-sulfonium chloride (vitamin U), may improve basic treatment settings and facilitate remission in erosive ulcerative lesions of upper gastrointestinal tract.

Keywords

• gastric cytoprotection
• vitamin u
• methylmethionine-sulfonium chloride
• prostaglandins
• sh-antioxidants