Seasonal quality and statistical assessment of physicochemical properties and base saturation of Hadejia-Nguru wetland soils, Northwest/Eastern Nigeria

Abstract

The evaluation of Hadejia-Nguru wetland soils was carried out for two consecutive dry seasons. Standard analytical techniques were adopted to analyze the samples and statistical models were used to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of the parameters selected. The average pH values of the soil samples were mostly alkaline, and all the measured values were also within the approved standards. Experimental results revealed a significantly positive correlation between Ca and Mg for both seasons as indicated by the p-values and a high coefficient of determination (R2) for both metals with cation exchange capacity (CEC) values as the predictors. The regression analysis showed that the changes in CEC and pH levels in the soil were dependent on changes in Ca and Mg content of the soil. The data obtained showed that the increase in pH is directly proportional to the CEC and base saturation of the soils. A higher percentage of Ca than other cations (Mg, K and Na) was observed from the base saturation of the soils. The pH, base saturation, and CEC levels in the soils are suitable for most crops grown in the area, which has the potential to support a wide range of crops with further exploration. HIGHLIGHTS The physicochemical characteristics of Hadejia-Nguru wetlands soils were investigated.; Statistical models were used to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of the parameters.; Metals play a crucial role in determining the soil quality.; Investigations indicated that the study area is suitable for the farming of vegetables and cereal crops.;

Keywords

• base saturation
• physicochemical properties
• spatial and temporal distribution
• statistical analysis
• wetland soils