Universities as basic elements for the development of educational, scientific and social systems in the historical context

Abstract

The article describes the features of formation and the main periods of historical development of universities as a special type of organization within the higher education system. The author identifies the key models of universities and shows that they have never been autonomous for, on the one hand, they historically developed depending on three institutes — the church, the temporal power and the market, and, on the other hand, the universities were a fundamental element of educational, scientific and social systems.

Keywords

• университет
• высшее образование
• наука
• система образования
• модель университета
• социальный институт