Clinical and prognostic value of parameters of cytokine regulation in oxygen-dependent patients with the coronavirus disease COVID-19

Abstract

Aim of the work is to find out the clinical and prognostic significance of cytokine regulation parameters in oxygen-dependent patients with COVID-19 coronavirus disease in dynamics of the disease. Material and methods. 78 oxygen-dependent patients with COVID-19 aged from 52 to 84 years were examined. All patients were examined and treated in accordance with the regulations in force at the relevant time. The patients were divided into groups: I group – 38 patients who recovered; II group – 40 patients with fatal outcome of the disease. In the blood serum of patients with COVID-19 and 20 healthy individuals, were determined by enzyme immunoassay the content of interleukin (IL) IL-2 (Elabscience, USA), IL-4 (Affymetrix eBioscience, Austria), IL-6 (Invitrogen, Austria), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) (Elabscience, USA). Statistical processing was performed in the Statistica 13 for Windows program (StatSoft Inc., No. JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J). Results. The content of IL-2 in the blood serum of oxygen-dependent patients with COVID-19 of both groups was significantly higher (p 0.05) to decrease its content (p > 0.05), however, during this period of observation, MCP-1 did not have prognostic value. IL-4 turned out to be uninformative in prognostic terms for determining the probability of a fatal outcome of COVID-19. Conclusions. Changes in the parameters of cytokine regulation in patients with COVID-19 during the development of oxygen dependence are characterized by a significant increase content of IL-2, IL-6 and chemokine MCP-1 in blood serum. The level of increase of these cytokines has diagnostic value in determining the high probability of the development of a fatal outcome of the disease at certain stages of observation.

Keywords

• coronavirus disease
• covid-19
• viral infection
• cytokines
• “cytokine storm”
• prognosis