Algorithms for management of patients with severe A/H1N1 influenza: from diagnosis to respiratory support techniques. Guidelines

Abstract

In 2022, the incidence of swine (A/H1N1) influenza markedly increased. It causes acute lung injury similar to that caused by SARS-CoV-2. These practice guidelines focus on the management of patients with severe influenza: from the diagnostic algorithm to the specifics of therapy and the use of respiratory support techniques. The guidelines provide recommendations on the rational pharmacotherapy principles: antiviral, antibacterial, mucoactive, anticoagulant, and symptomatic. The need to avoid prescribing drugs that may worsen the condition of patients with A/H1N1 influenza that are effective in other viral lung diseases, including SARS-CoV-2, has been pointed out. A detailed review of the criteria for initiation and principles of respiratory support is given.

Keywords

• a/h1n1 influenza
• sars-cov-2
• acute respiratory failure
• practice guidelines
• viral neuraminidase inhibitors
• oseltamivir
• zanamivir
• baloxavir marboxil
• aminopenicillins with β-lactamase inhibitors
• respiratory fluoroquinolones
• anti-cough drugs
• mucoadhesive drugs
• n-acetylcysteine
• erdosteine
• respiratory support