Frontiers in Oncology (Mar 2022)

Socioeconomic, Clinical, and Molecular Features of Breast Cancer Influence Overall Survival of Latin American Women

  • Liz Maria de Almeida,
  • Sandra Cortés,
  • Marta Vilensky,
  • Olivia Valenzuela,
  • Laura Cortes-Sanabria,
  • Mirian de Souza,
  • Rafael Alonso Barbeito,
  • Eliana Abdelhay,
  • Nora Artagaveytia,
  • Adrian Daneri-Navarro,
  • Andrea S. Llera,
  • Bettina Müller,
  • Osvaldo L. Podhajcer,
  • Carlos Velazquez,
  • Elsa Alcoba,
  • Isabel Alonso,
  • Alicia I. Bravo,
  • Natalia Camejo,
  • Dirce Maria Carraro,
  • Mónica Castro,
  • Sandra Cataldi,
  • Alfonso Cayota,
  • Mauricio Cerda,
  • Alicia Colombo,
  • Susanne Crocamo,
  • Alicia Del Toro-Arreola,
  • Raul Delgadillo-Cristerna,
  • Lucia Delgado,
  • Marisa Dreyer Breitenbach,
  • Elmer Fernández,
  • Jorge Fernández,
  • Wanda Fernández,
  • Ramon A. Franco-Topete,
  • Fancy Gaete,
  • Jorge Gómez,
  • Leivy P. Gonzalez-Ramirez,
  • Marisol Guerrero,
  • Susan A. Gutierrez-Rubio,
  • Beatriz Jalfin,
  • Alejandra Lopez-Vazquez,
  • Dora Loria,
  • Silvia Míguez,
  • Andres de J. Moran-Mendoza,
  • Gilberto Morgan-Villela,
  • Carina Mussetti,
  • Maria Aparecida Nagai,
  • Antonio Oceguera-Villanueva,
  • Rui M. Reis,
  • Javier Retamales,
  • Robinson Rodriguez,
  • Cristina Rosales,
  • Efrain Salas-Gonzalez,
  • Laura Segovia,
  • Juan M. Sendoya,
  • Aida A. Silva-Garcia,
  • Stella Viña,
  • Livia Zagame,
  • Beth Jones,
  • Moysés Szklo,
  • United States-Latin American Cancer Research Network (US-LACRN),
  • Juan Abarca,
  • Pamela Acevedo,
  • Graciela Acosta,
  • Ana Acosta,
  • Gabriela Acosta Haab,
  • Keyla Teresa Acosta-Torres,
  • Marta Aghazarian,
  • Carola Aguayo,
  • Gustavo Alarcon-Lopez,
  • Viviane Andrade,
  • Wenceslao Angeles Bueno,
  • Roberto Arai,
  • Priscila Elvira Arambula-Barreras,
  • Maria Isabel Arámburo-Rubio,
  • Estrellita Araus,
  • Gonzalo Ardao,
  • Lilia A. Arellano-Jimenez,
  • Felipe Argandoña,
  • Claudia Arias,
  • Ricardo Armisen,
  • Mauricio Aspee,
  • Rodrigo Assar,
  • Itzel Reneé Astiazarán-Rascón,
  • Sebastian Astorga,
  • Maxwell Avilés-Rodrıguez,
  • Antônio Bailão Junior,
  • Adolfo E. Barragan-Curiel,
  • Adelfo Barragan-Ruiz,
  • Julia Bernachin,
  • Wilfrido Bernal-Herrera,
  • Renata Binato,
  • Sarah Brnich,
  • Claudio Bustamante,
  • Miguel Angel Bustamante,
  • Julio Bustos Gomez,
  • Felipe de J. Bustos Rodriguez,
  • Janett Caballero-Jasso,
  • Angie Calfuman,
  • Antonio Hugo,
  • José Froes Marques Campos,
  • Mónica Campos,
  • Soledad Cano,
  • Juan C. Canton-Romero,
  • Paulina Carmona,
  • Fernando Carrizo,
  • Andre Lopes Carvalho,
  • Erika Carvallo,
  • Julio Carzoglio,
  • Monica Casalnuovo,
  • Benedicta Caserta,
  • Alvaro Castillo,
  • César Castillo,
  • Juan M. Castro-Cervantes,
  • Yascara Cerda,
  • Roger Chammas,
  • Mario Alberto Chavez-Zamudio,
  • Loreto Chia,
  • Daniela Chirico,
  • Esther Cisneros-Quirarter,
  • Minor Raul Cordero-Bautista,
  • Valeria Cornejo,
  • Baldemar Corral-Villegas,
  • Andrés Cortés,
  • German Salvador Cortez-Zamorano,
  • Alejandro Corvalan,
  • Adolfo Cruz,
  • Alba d’Aurora,
  • Sandra De la Fuente,
  • Soledad De la Peña,
  • Roberto de Leon-Caballero,
  • César Del Castillo,
  • Azucena Del-Toro-Valero,
  • Mirtha Di Pretoro,
  • Andrea Digonzelli,
  • Jose El Ters,
  • Paula Escobar,
  • Marcela Estolaza,
  • Adriane Feijo Evangelista,
  • Marcelo Fanelli,
  • Paulo Farias,
  • Diego Flaks,
  • Edgar G. Flores-Ayala,
  • Maria R. Flores-Marquez,
  • David Franco-Hughes,
  • Karina Franco-Topete,
  • Cristobal Fresno,
  • Carolina Gabay,
  • Mario Gallegos,
  • Jorge Gamboa,
  • Daiana Ganiewich,
  • Carlos Garbovesky,
  • Ricardo Garcia-Gaeta,
  • Alma C. Garcia-Martinez,
  • Rubén Alejandro Garcıa-Munguıa,
  • Adriana Garibay-Escobar,
  • Liliana Gimenez,
  • Mariana M. Gomez-Del Toro,
  • Germán González,
  • César Osbaldo González Mondaca,
  • Leivy P. Gonzalez-Ramirez,
  • Beatriz Gonzalez-Ulloa,
  • Susana Gorostidy,
  • Gonzalo Greif,
  • Alfonso G. Guevara-Torres,
  • Lorena Gutierrez,
  • Adrián Hannois,
  • Andrew Hart,
  • Steffen Härtel,
  • Marcos Henriquez,
  • Miriam E Hernandez-Franco,
  • Rafael Hernandez-Guevara,
  • Manuel I Herrera-Miramontes,
  • Graciela Horton,
  • Gladys Ibañez,
  • Martın Ipiña,
  • Lilian Jara,
  • Raul Jara,
  • Maria Luisa Jaramillo,
  • Beatriz Jardim,
  • Maria Eugenia Jimenez,
  • Victor M. Jimenez-Moreno,
  • Hugo Ju,
  • Nazareth Juárez Rusjan,
  • Karen Juneman,
  • Ligia Maria Kerr,
  • Alejandra Krupelis,
  • Guillermo Laviña,
  • Fernando Lavista,
  • Irma Leticia León-Duarte,
  • Alberto Lescano,
  • Verónica Lezano,
  • Rossana Mendoza Lopez,
  • Jose Guillermo López-Cervantes,
  • Miguel Enrique Lopez-Muñoz,
  • Francisca Lucena,
  • Alejandra Luque,
  • Alejandro Maass,
  • Maria do Socorro Maciel,
  • Silvina Maldonado,
  • Flavia Rotea Mangone,
  • Jorge Mansilla,
  • Katherine Marcelain,
  • Carolina Mariani,
  • Marcia Maria Chiquitelli Marques,
  • Reyna J Martinez-Arriaga,
  • Hector R Martinez-Ramirez,
  • Marcela Martins,
  • Alma G Maya-Gonzalez,
  • Mariana Menini,
  • Soledad Milans,
  • Soledad Montes,
  • Ana Verónica Morales Hernández,
  • Carla Morong,
  • Eduardo Mussetti,
  • Luis J Najar-Acosta,
  • Elisa Napolitano e Ferreira,
  • Nancy E Navarro Ruiz,
  • Cristina Noblıa,
  • João Soares Nunes,
  • Fabiola Núñez,
  • Nilton Onari,
  • Emma M Oropeza-De Anda,
  • David Ortega-Tirado,
  • Miguel Angel Ortiz-Martinez,
  • Cynthia Aparecida Bueno de Toledo Osório,
  • Carlos Eduardo Paiva,
  • Paulina Peñaloza,
  • Miguel Peredo Navarro,
  • David Pereira,
  • Laura Perez-Michel,
  • Francisca Pino,
  • Tania Pino,
  • Natalia Pinto,
  • Jessica Pizarro,
  • Jael Quintero,
  • Antonio Quintero-Ramos,
  • Enrique Ramirez,
  • Gladys E Ramirez-Rosales,
  • Claudia Ramis,
  • Maritza Ramos Ramirez,
  • Adela Rascon-Alcantar,
  • Francois Richard,
  • Omar Rios-Méndez,
  • Ernesto Rivera-Claisse,
  • Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
  • Iara Santana Rocha,
  • Natalia Rodriguez,
  • Vilma Rodriguez,
  • Maria Teresa Rodriguez,
  • Diego Rodriguez-Gonzalez,
  • Rosemeire A Roela,
  • Ana M. Romero-Gomez,
  • Ana M. Rosales-Sandoval,
  • Lidia A. Rubio-Chavez,
  • Omar V. Rubio-Plascencia,
  • Florencia Russo,
  • Gaciela Sabini,
  • Isabel Saffie,
  • Brenda Samaniego,
  • Benito Sanchez-Llamas,
  • Verónica Sanchotena,
  • Daniel Sat-Muñoz,
  • Mariana Savignano,
  • Cristovam Scapulatempo Neto,
  • Max Mano Senna,
  • Carolina Silva,
  • Jaime Silvera,
  • Isabele Small,
  • Fernando Soares,
  • Iberê Soares,
  • Silvana Soares dos Santos,
  • Evandro Sobrosa de Mello,
  • José Antonio Sola,
  • Irene Sorın,
  • Alejandra Sosa,
  • Claudio Sosa,
  • Cristiano de Pádua Souza,
  • Lucıa Spangenberg,
  • Gustavo Steffanof,
  • Florencia Straminsky,
  • Mónica Tapia,
  • Raziel O. Tapia-Llanos,
  • Geronimo M. Tavares-Macias,
  • Veronica Terzieff,
  • Vicente Teti,
  • Javier Tognarelli,
  • Verónica Toledo,
  • Paulina Toro,
  • Roberto Torres,
  • Mariana Torres-Palomares,
  • Alejandra Trinchero,
  • Rogelio Troyo-San Roman,
  • Hernan Urbano,
  • Nicolas Vacca,
  • Marıa Lourdes Valencia-Peña,
  • Jaime Vazquez Nares,
  • Ezequiel Velez-Gomez,
  • Laura N. Venegas-Godinez,
  • Ricardo Verdugo,
  • René Aloisio da Costa Vieira,
  • Manuel Isaac Villegas-Gómez,
  • Silvia Vornetti,
  • Anapaula H. U. Watanabe,
  • Carlos Zamorano,
  • Luis Zapata,
  • Zdenka Zlatar

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.845527
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12

Abstract

Read online

Molecular profile of breast cancer in Latin-American women was studied in five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay. Data about socioeconomic characteristics, risk factors, prognostic factors, and molecular subtypes were described, and the 60-month overall cumulative survival probabilities (OS) were estimated. From 2011 to 2013, 1,300 eligible Latin-American women 18 years or older, with a diagnosis of breast cancer in clinical stage II or III, and performance status ≦̸1 were invited to participate in a prospective cohort study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, and clinical and outcome data, including death, were extracted from medical records. Unadjusted associations were evaluated by Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests and the OS by Kaplan–Meier method. Log-rank test was used to determine differences between cumulative probability curves. Multivariable adjustment was carried out by entering potential confounders in the Cox regression model. The OS at 60 months was 83.9%. Multivariable-adjusted death hazard differences were found for women living in Argentina (2.27), Chile (1.95), and Uruguay (2.42) compared with Mexican women, for older (≥60 years) (1.84) compared with younger (≤40 years) women, for basal-like subtype (5.8), luminal B (2.43), and HER2-enriched (2.52) compared with luminal A subtype, and for tumor clinical stages IIB (1.91), IIIA (3.54), and IIIB (3.94) compared with stage IIA women. OS was associated with country of residence, PAM50 intrinsic subtype, age, and tumor stage at diagnosis. While the latter is known to be influenced by access to care, including cancer screening, timely diagnosis and treatment, including access to more effective treatment protocols, it may also influence epigenetic changes that, potentially, impact molecular subtypes. Data derived from heretofore understudied populations with unique geographic ancestry and sociocultural experiences are critical to furthering our understanding of this complexity.

Keywords