Zernovì Produkti ì Kombìkorma (Sep 2021)
DETERMINATION OF THE INTERNAL POTENTIAL OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN COMPOUND FEED PRODUCTION
Abstract
Grass flour is a unique protein-vitamin feed product, the role of which in animal feeding can hardly be overestimated. In 2010, the industry for the production of grass meal from alfalfa, for example, in Europe included 300 factories and 50 farms, which produced 4200 million tons of products. In Russia, the development of poultry and livestock farming has also increased the demand for this fodder and gradually restored its production. But in Ukraine, due to its high energy intensity, the production of herbal flour has almost ceased. It is shown that the fuel and energy balance of this technology that diesel fuel provides about 92.3% of all equipment needs for energy, and its cost is 90.8% of the total cost of all fuel and energy resources (FER). On the other hand, electricity accounts for only 7.7% of the total needs, and the costs of paying for it also serve 9.2% of the total costs of purchasing fuel and energy resources. The purpose of the work is to study the energy feasibility of using extrusion for dehydration of wet feed products during their complex processing in feed products. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the selection and calculation of the necessary technological equipment for the principle technological scheme of the production of feed products with the inclusion of wet forage grasses was carried out; an energy audit of the basic (traditional) and new technologies for the production of compound feed products with the inclusion of forage grasses was carried out. Since the new technology is recommended to be implemented at feed mills of small capacity due to the proximity of raw materials, it must be able to process forage grasses in an amount no less than the basic technology for the production of grass meal. The minimum capacity of the ABM-type drying unit for cooking is 0.65 t/h for grass meal (2.7 t/h for raw materials). Thus, an energy audit of the basic (traditional) and new technology for the production of mixed feed products with the inclusion of forage grasses was carried out and proved that as a result of the use of the extrusion process for the purpose of dehydration, the new technology becomes more energy efficient in comparison with the traditional technology of drying forage grasses and further production of products with the inclusion of grass flour, which means it is economically feasible, since there is a total saving of fuel and energy resources of 875 MJ/t or - in the amount of 514.18 UAH (44%).
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