Frontiers in Pediatrics (Apr 2024)
Morbidity and mortality in premature or low birth weight patients with congenital heart disease in three European pediatric heart centers between 2016 and 2020
- Alexandra De Silvestro,
- Alexandra De Silvestro,
- Bettina Reich,
- Sarah Bless,
- Sarah Bless,
- Julika Sieker,
- Willemijn Hollander,
- Karen de Bijl-Marcus,
- Cornelia Hagmann,
- Cornelia Hagmann,
- Joppe Nijman,
- Walter Knirsch,
- Walter Knirsch,
- the European Association Brain in Congenital Heart Disease,
- Mirielle N. Bekker,
- Manon J. N. L. Benders,
- Floris Groenendaal,
- Corine Koopman-Esseboom,
- Maaike Nijman,
- Raymond Stegeman,
- Alexandra Bonthrone,
- Andrew Chew,
- Serena J. Counsell,
- Daniel Cromb,
- Barat Gal-Er,
- Christopher J. Kelly,
- Kuberan Pushparajah,
- Rian Bosch,
- Sergei Chin On,
- Nicolaas J. G. Jansen,
- Valerie D. Slooff,
- Johannes M. P. J. Breur,
- Nathalie H. P. Claessens,
- Maaike Nijman,
- Raymond Stegeman,
- Hitendu Dave,
- Maria Feldmann,
- Raimund Kottke,
- Beatrice Latal,
- Céline Steger,
- Hitendu Dave,
- Maria Feldmann,
- Beatrice Latal,
- Monique C. Haak,
- Nicolaas J. G. Jansen,
- Raymond Stegeman,
- Raimund Kottke,
- Céline Steger
Affiliations
- Alexandra De Silvestro
- Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Alexandra De Silvestro
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Bettina Reich
- Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center, Munich, Germany
- Sarah Bless
- Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Sarah Bless
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Julika Sieker
- Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center, Munich, Germany
- Willemijn Hollander
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Karen de Bijl-Marcus
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Cornelia Hagmann
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cornelia Hagmann
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Joppe Nijman
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Walter Knirsch
- Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Walter Knirsch
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- the European Association Brain in Congenital Heart Disease
- Mirielle N. Bekker
- Manon J. N. L. Benders
- Floris Groenendaal
- Corine Koopman-Esseboom
- Maaike Nijman
- Raymond Stegeman
- Alexandra Bonthrone
- Andrew Chew
- Serena J. Counsell
- Daniel Cromb
- Barat Gal-Er
- Christopher J. Kelly
- Kuberan Pushparajah
- Rian Bosch
- Sergei Chin On
- Nicolaas J. G. Jansen
- Valerie D. Slooff
- Johannes M. P. J. Breur
- Nathalie H. P. Claessens
- Maaike Nijman
- Raymond Stegeman
- Hitendu Dave
- Maria Feldmann
- Raimund Kottke
- Beatrice Latal
- Céline Steger
- Hitendu Dave
- Maria Feldmann
- Beatrice Latal
- Monique C. Haak
- Nicolaas J. G. Jansen
- Raymond Stegeman
- Raimund Kottke
- Céline Steger
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1323430
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 12
Abstract
BackgroundThe treatment of preterm and low birth weight (LBW) neonates born with congenital heart disease (CHD) requiring early cardiac intervention remains challenging. We aimed to analyze morbidity and mortality in this combined high-risk patient group.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted of preterm [<37 weeks gestational age (GA)] and/or LBW neonates (<2,500 g) born with a diagnosis of CHD, which requires invasive cardiac intervention (surgery or catheter) within their first year of life. Patients born between 2016 and 2020 and treated in three European pediatric heart centers were included.ResultsA total of 308 neonates (51% male) with CHD were included. Of those, 237 (77%) were born preterm, 259 (84%) were LBW, and 188 (61%) were both. The median GA was 35.4 weeks (interquartile range 33.3–36.9) and the mean birth weight was 2,016 ± 580 g. CHD was categorized as simple (12%), moderate (64%), or severe (24%). The overall complication rate was 45% and was highest in patients with severe CHD (p = 0.002). One-year mortality (19%) was associated with severe CHD, low relative birth weight in patients with genetic diagnoses, and low GA at birth, whereas GA at birth significantly impacted survival only after 3 months of life.ConclusionsThe high morbidity and mortality in preterm and LBW neonates with CHD reflect their complexity and consequent limited treatment feasibility.
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