Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (Oct 2023)

One‐year change in sarcopenia was associated with cognitive impairment among haemodialysis patients

  • Yuqi Yang,
  • Jingjing Da,
  • Jing Yuan,
  • Yan Zha

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13311
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 5
pp. 2264 – 2274

Abstract

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Abstract Background Our study aimed to evaluate change in sarcopenia, its defining components over 1 year follow‐up and investigate associations with subsequent cognitive decline, incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia among patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD). Methods In the multicentre, longitudinal study, 1117 HD patients aged 56.8 ± 14.3 years (654 men; and 463 women) from 17 dialysis centres in Guizhou Province, China, were recruited in 2019 and followed up for 1 year in 2020. Sarcopenia was diagnosed with Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria using appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) and handgrip strength (HGS). Body composition was measured using body composition monitor; body water, weight, and height were corrected to calculate ASMI. HGS was measured by mechanical handgrip dynamometer. Cognitive function was measured with Mini Mental State Examination. Multivariate linear, logistic regression models and subgroup analyses were employed to examine the associations of changes in sarcopenia, ASMI, and HGS with Mini Mental State Examination score change, and incident MCI, dementia. Results Four hundred fourteen (37.1%) patients had sarcopenia at baseline; during 1 year follow‐up, 257 (23.0%) developed MCI and 143 (12.8%) developed dementia. According to changes in sarcopenia, patients were stratified into four groups: non‐sarcopenia; non‐sarcopenia to sarcopenia; sarcopenia; and sarcopenia to non‐sarcopenia. HD patients in sarcopenia and non‐sarcopenia to sarcopenia groups had higher risk of MCI (34.8%, 32.0%, vs. 17.4%) and dementia (20.6%, 19.8%, vs. 8.7%), compared non‐sarcopenia group (P 60 years, and with low educational level. Conclusions Longitudinal associations were observed between new‐onset, persistent sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment. Early detection and intervention should be implemented to delay the onset of sarcopenia and improve cognitive health among HD patients.

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