Plasmodium falciparum infection rates for some Anopheles spp. from Guinea-Bissau, West Africa [v2; ref status: indexed, http://f1000r.es/4n3]
Michelle R. Sanford,
Anthony J. Cornel,
Catelyn C. Nieman,
Joao Dinis,
Clare D. Marsden,
Allison M. Weakley,
Sarah Han,
Amabelia Rodrigues,
Gregory C. Lanzaro,
Yoosook Lee
Affiliations
Michelle R. Sanford
Current Affiliation: Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences, 1885 Old Spanish Trail, Houston, 77054, USA
Anthony J. Cornel
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
Catelyn C. Nieman
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
Joao Dinis
National Institute of Public Health (INASA), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
Clare D. Marsden
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
Allison M. Weakley
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
Sarah Han
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
Amabelia Rodrigues
National Institute of Public Health (INASA), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
Gregory C. Lanzaro
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
Yoosook Lee
Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
Presence of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a sample of Anopheles gambiae s.s., A. melas and A. pharoensis collected in Guinea-Bissau during October and November 2009. The percentage of P. falciparum infected samples (10.2% overall; confidence interval (CI): 7.45-13.6%) was comparable to earlier studies from other sites in Guinea-Bissau (9.6-12.4%). The majority of the specimens collected were identified as A. gambiae which had an individual infection rate of 12.6 % (CI: 8.88-17.6) across collection sites. A small number of specimens of A. coluzzii, A. coluzzii x A. gambiae hybrids, A. melas and A. pharoensis were collected and had infection rates of 4.3% (CI:0.98-12.4), 4.1% (CI:0.35-14.5), 11.1% (CI:1.86-34.1) and 33.3% (CI:9.25-70.4) respectively. Despite being present in low numbers in indoor collections, the exophilic feeding behaviors of A. melas (N=18) and A. pharoensis (N=6) and high infection rates observed in this survey suggest falciparum-malaria transmission potential outside of the protection of bed nets.
