BMC Cancer (Jan 2020)

Moderately hypofractionated carbon ion radiotherapy for prostate cancer; a prospective observational study “GUNMA0702”

  • Hidemasa Kawamura,
  • Nobuteru Kubo,
  • Hiro Sato,
  • Tatsuji Mizukami,
  • Hiroyuki Katoh,
  • Hitoshi Ishikawa,
  • Tatsuya Ohno,
  • Hiroshi Matsui,
  • Kazuto Ito,
  • Kazuhiro Suzuki,
  • Takashi Nakano,
  • Group for Genitourinary Tumors at Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-020-6570-8
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 20, no. 1
pp. 1 – 8

Abstract

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Abstract Background Carbon ion Radiotherapy for prostate cancer is widely used, however reports are limited from single institute or short follow up. We performed a prospective observational study (GUNMA0702) to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. Methods Between June 2010 and August 2013, 304 patients with localized prostate cancer were treated, with a median follow-up duration of 60 months. All patients received carbon ion radiotherapy with 57.6 Gy (RBE) in 16 fractions over 4 weeks. Hormonal therapy was given according to the risk group. Toxicity was reported according to the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Event, Version 4.0 by the National Cancer Institute. Results The overall 5-year biochemical relapse-free rate was 92.7%, with rates of 91.7, 93.4, and 92.0% in low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk patients, respectively. The 5-year local control and overall survival rates were 98.4 and 96.6%, respectively. Acute grade 3 or greater toxicity was not observed. Late grade 2 and grade 3 genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity rates were 9 and 0.3%, and 0.3, and 0%, respectively. Conclusions The present protocol of carbon ion radiotherapy for prostate cancer provided low genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity with good biochemical control within 5 years. Trial registration University Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry number: UMIN000003827.

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