Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (Dec 2024)
Mesenchymal stem cells may alleviate angiotensin II-induced myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy by upregulating SFRS3 expression
Abstract
Introduction and objectives: The development of cardiac fibrosis (CF) and hypertrophy (CH) can lead to heart failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promise in treating cardiac diseases. However, the relationship between MSCs and splicing factor arginine/serine rich-3 (SFRS3) remains unclear. In this study, our objectives are to investigate the effect of MSCs on SFRS3 expression, and their impact on CF and CH. Additionally, we aim to explore the function of the overexpression of SFRS3 in angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs) and cardiac myocytes (CMCs). Methods: Rat cardiac fibroblasts (rCFBs) or rat cardiac myocytes (rCMCs) were co-cultured with rat MSCs (rMSCs). The function of SFRS3 in Ang II-induced rCFBs and rCMCs was studied by overexpressing SFRS3 in these cells, both with and without the presence of rMSCs. We assessed the expression of SFRS3 and evaluated the cell cycle, proliferation and apoptosis of rCFBs and rCMCs. We also measured the levels of interleukin (IL)-β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and assessed the degree of fibrosis in rCFBs and hypertrophy in rCMCs. Results: rMSCs induced SFRS3 expression and promoted cell cycle, proliferation, while reducing apoptosis of Ang II-treated rCFBs and rCMCs. Co-culture of rMSCs with these cells also repressed cytokine production and mitigated the fibrosis of rCFBs, as well as hypertrophy of rCMCs triggered by Ang II. Overexpression of SFRS3 in the rCFBs and rCMCs yielded identical effects to rMSC co-culture. Conclusion: MSCs may alleviate Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by increasing SFRS3 expression in vitro. Resumo: Introdução e objetivos: O desenvolvimento de fibrose cardíaca (FC) e hipertrofia (CH) pode levar à insuficiência cardíaca. As células estaminais mesenquimais (MSCs) têm-se mostrado promissoras no tratamento de doenças cardíacas. No entanto, a relação entre as MSCs e a SFRS3 permanece pouco clara. Neste estudo, os nossos objetivos são investigar o efeito das MSCs na expressão de SFRS3 e o seu impacto na fibrose e hipertrofia cardíacas. Além disso, pretendemos explorar a função do excesso de SFRS3 em fibroblastos cardíacos (CFBs) e miócitos cardíacos (CMCs) tratados com angiotensina II (Ang II). Métodos: Os fibroblastos cardíacos de rato (rCFBs) ou os miócitos cardíacos de rato (rCMCs) foram cocultivados com MSCs de rato (rMSCs). A função do SFRS3 nos rCFBs e rCMCs induzidos pela Ang II foi estudada através da sobre-expressão do SFRS3 nessas células, com e sem a presença de rMSCs. Avaliámos a expressão de SFRS3 e avaliámos o ciclo celular, a proliferação e a apoptose de rCFBs e rCMCs. Também medimos os níveis de interleucina (IL)-β, IL-6 e fator de necrose tumoral (TNF)-α e avaliámos o grau de fibrose nos rCFBs e de hipertrofia nas rCMCs. Resultados: As rMSCs induziram a expressão de SFRS3 e promoveram o ciclo celular e a proliferação, reduzindo simultaneamente a apoptose de rCFBs e rCMCs tratados com Ang II. A cocultura de rMSCs com essas células também reprimiu a produção de citocinas e atenuou a fibrose dos rCFBs, bem como a hipertrofia das rCMCs desencadeada pela Ang II. A sobreexpressão de SFRS3 nos rCFBs e nas rCMCs produziu efeitos idênticos aos da cocultura de rMSC. Conclusões: As MSCs podem aliviar a fibrose cardíaca induzida pela Ang II e a hipertrofia dos cardiomiócitos através do aumento da expressão de SFRS3 in vitro.