Frontiers in Psychiatry (Mar 2022)

Identifying Electroencephalography Biomarkers in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis in an International Multi-Site Study

  • Sarah Kerins,
  • Sarah Kerins,
  • Judith Nottage,
  • Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo,
  • Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo,
  • Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo,
  • Matthew J. Kempton,
  • Stefania Tognin,
  • Stefania Tognin,
  • Stefania Tognin,
  • Dorien H. Niemann,
  • Lieuwe de Haan,
  • Thérèse van Amelsvoort,
  • Jun Soo Kwon,
  • Barnaby Nelson,
  • Barnaby Nelson,
  • Romina Mizrahi,
  • Romina Mizrahi,
  • Philip McGuire,
  • Philip McGuire,
  • Paolo Fusar-Poli,
  • Paolo Fusar-Poli,
  • Paolo Fusar-Poli,
  • Paolo Fusar-Poli,
  • The PSYSCAN Consortium,
  • Philip McGuire,
  • Stefania Tognin,
  • Paolo Fusar-Poli,
  • Matthew Kempton,
  • Gemma Modinos,
  • Kate Merritt,
  • Alexis E. Cullen,
  • Andrea Mechelli,
  • Paola Dazzan,
  • George Gifford,
  • Natalia Petros,
  • Mathilde Antoniades,
  • Andrea De Micheli,
  • Sandra Vieira,
  • Tom Spencer,
  • Rene Kahn,
  • Arija Maat,
  • Erika van Hell,
  • Inge Winter,
  • Lieuwe de Haan,
  • Frederike Schirmbeck,
  • Benedicto Crespo-Facorro,
  • Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez,
  • Esther Setien-Suero,
  • Rosa Ayesa-Arriola,
  • Paula Suarez-Pinilla,
  • Victor Ortiz Garcia-de la foz,
  • Birte Glenthøj,
  • Mikkel Erlang Sørensen,
  • Bjørn H. Ebdrup,
  • Karen Tangmose,
  • Helle Schæbel,
  • Egill Rostrup,
  • Oliver Gruber,
  • Anja Richter,
  • Bernd Krämer,
  • Therese van Amelsvoort,
  • Bea Campforts,
  • Machteld Marcelis,
  • Claudia Vingerhoets,
  • Celso Arango,
  • Covandonga M. Díaz-Caneja,
  • Miriam Ayora,
  • Joost Janssen,
  • Roberto Rodríguez-Jiménez,
  • Marina Díaz-Marsá,
  • Tilo Kircher,
  • Irina Falkenberg,
  • Florian Bitsch,
  • Jens Sommer,
  • Barnaby Nelson,
  • Patrick McGorry,
  • Paul Amminger,
  • Meredith McHugh,
  • Suzie Lavoie,
  • Jessica Spark,
  • Rebekah Street,
  • Silvana Galderisi,
  • Armida Mucci,
  • Paola Bucci,
  • Giuseppe Piegari,
  • Daria Pietrafesa,
  • Luigi Giuliani,
  • Rodrigo Bressan,
  • André Zugman,
  • Ary Gadelha,
  • Graccielle Rodrigues da Cunha,
  • Jun Soo Kwon,
  • Kang Ik Kevin Cho,
  • Tae Young Lee,
  • Minah Kim,
  • Sun-Young Moon,
  • Silvia Kyungjin Lho,
  • Mark Weiser,
  • Romina Mizrahi,
  • Michael Kiang,
  • Cory Gerritsen,
  • Margaret Maheandiran,
  • Sarah Ahmed,
  • Ivana Prce,
  • Jenny Lepock,
  • Gabriele Sachs,
  • Matthäus Willeit,
  • Marzena Lenczowski,
  • Ullrich Sauerzopf,
  • Ana Weidenauer,
  • Julia Furtner-Srajer,
  • Matthias Kirschner,
  • Anke Maatz,
  • Achim Burrer,
  • Philipp Stämpfli,
  • Naemi Huber,
  • Kawohl Wolfram

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.828376
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13

Abstract

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BackgroundThe clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) paradigm was introduced to detect individuals at risk of developing psychosis and to establish preventive strategies. While current prediction of outcomes in the CHR-P state is based mostly on the clinical assessment of presenting features, several emerging biomarkers have been investigated in an attempt to stratify CHR-P individuals according to their individual trajectories and refine the diagnostic process. However, heterogeneity across subgroups is a key challenge that has limited the impact of the CHR-P prediction strategies, as the clinical validity of the current research is limited by a lack of external validation across sites and modalities. Despite these challenges, electroencephalography (EEG) biomarkers have been studied in this field and evidence suggests that EEG used in combination with clinical assessments may be a key measure for improving diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in the CHR-P state. The PSYSCAN EEG study is an international, multi-site, multimodal longitudinal project that aims to advance knowledge in this field.MethodsParticipants at 6 international sites take part in an EEG protocol including EEG recording, cognitive and clinical assessments. CHR-P participants will be followed up after 2 years and subcategorised depending on their illness progression regarding transition to psychosis. Differences will be sought between CHR-P individuals and healthy controls and between CHR-P individuals who transition and those who do not transition to psychosis using data driven computational analyses.DiscussionThis protocol addresses the challenges faced by previous studies of this kind to enable valid identification of predictive EEG biomarkers which will be combined with other biomarkers across sites to develop a prognostic tool in CHR-P. The PSYSCAN EEG study aims to pave the way for incorporating EEG biomarkers in the assessment of CHR-P individuals, to refine the diagnostic process and help to stratify CHR-P subjects according to risk of transition. This may improve our understanding of the CHR-P state and therefore aid the development of more personalized treatment strategies.

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