Influence of socioeconomic factors in muscle dysmorphia

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction and objective: In muscle dysmorphia (MD) the patient thinks he is smaller and less muscular than he really is. As in other addictive diseases, its prevention and early diagnosis are the key to avoid associated disorders. It is established as an objective to determine if there are associated socio-demographic factors. Material and methods: Cross-sectional observational study of 140 men, between 16-45 years old, who practice bodybuilding in gyms of different socioeconomic levels, at least 6 months prior to the study, 4 days / week, 1 hour / day, who signed the informed consent and without chronic illness. The main variable was the presence of symptoms of DM using the muscle appearance satisfaction scale (44 patients) and the secondary variables were age, coexistence, children, educational level and monthly income. Frequencies were used in the qualitative variables, and averages and standard deviations in the quantitative variables, in the bivariate analysis of the Chisquare test and the t-student test respectively and the binary logistic regression (presence / absence of MD) to eliminate confounding factors, the probabilities were calculated associated Results: The gymnasts have an average age of 26.1 (SD = 7.1) years; the majority live with their parents (56.4%); they do not have children (89.3%); the academic levels are balanced and the economic income is mostly low / medium (79.3%). In the bivariate analysis, is observed a higher risk at a younger age (p = 0.027) and when they live with their parents (limit of significance). Significance is not observed with the variables having children, educational level or economic income. In the binary logistic regression these meanings are lost, although the graphic representation of the probability in relation with age seems to be a risk factor, as well as living with the parents or as a couple. Conclusion: Among men who practice bodybuilding, it is usually a risk to suffer MD, to be younger, to live together as a couple and with parents, with no impact on the educational level or economic income.

Keywords

• muscle dysmorphia
• economic factors
• social factors
• academic training