Bacterial survey of skin ulcers in Anguilla anguilla L. females during artificial maturation under controlled conditions

Karol Korzekwa; Piotr Gomułka; Joanna Nowosad; Daria J. Kucharczyk; Katarzyna Targońska; Tomasz K. Czarkowski; Daniel Żarski; Laszlo Horváth; Tamas Müller; Roman Kujawa; Marek J. Łuczyński; Joanna Łuczyńska; Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif; Dariusz Kucharczyk

Aquaculture Reports (Aug 2022)

Bacterial survey of skin ulcers in Anguilla anguilla L. females during artificial maturation under controlled conditions

Karol Korzekwa,
Piotr Gomułka,
Joanna Nowosad,
Daria J. Kucharczyk,
Katarzyna Targońska,
Tomasz K. Czarkowski,
Daniel Żarski,
Laszlo Horváth,
Tamas Müller,
Roman Kujawa,
Marek J. Łuczyński,
Joanna Łuczyńska,
Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif,
Dariusz Kucharczyk

Affiliations

Karol Korzekwa: Epidemiological Response Center of the Polish Armed Forces, Warsaw, Poland
Piotr Gomułka: Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
Joanna Nowosad: Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
Daria J. Kucharczyk: Department of Microbiology and Mycology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Katarzyna Targońska: Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
Tomasz K. Czarkowski: Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Freshwater Fish Ecology, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Daniel Żarski: Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Division of Reproductive Biology, Bydgoska 7 Str., 10-243 Olsztyn, Poland
Laszlo Horváth: Department of Aquaculture, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Tamas Müller: Department of Aquaculture, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; Department of Freshwater Fish Ecology, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Roman Kujawa: Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
Marek J. Łuczyński: The Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, ul. Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Joanna Łuczyńska: Chair of Commodity and Food Analysis, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif: Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
Dariusz Kucharczyk: Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland; Corresponding author.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 25
p. 101259

Abstract

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Controlled indoor reproduction of European eel is commonly recognized as a prospective tool to prevent extinction of this fish species. There is a little information about diversity of bacterial microflora of European eel during long maturation under controlled but changing thermal and salinity conditions. Characteristics of the composition of the bacterial microflora inhabiting the body surface of fish kept firstly in fresh and then in salt water, may help enhance the survival of spawners and spawning efficiency. Knowledge about the presence of potentially pathogenic bacterial species and their antibiotic resistance is particularly important. Methods: This study analyzed the bacterial microflora of two types of necrotic changes on the skin of eel females during artificial maturation under fresh and saltwater conditions. Results: A total of two hundred and forty bacterial strains were isolated from necrotic dermal changes on fish in freshwater and saltwater conditions. Both the bacterial number and biodiversity were greater in freshwater than in saltwater. Psychrophilic bacterial strains in freshwater were twice as abundant as in saltwater, especially among isolates which were cultured from the mucus or from ulcerative changes around the chip injection point (up to 1010 cfu/mL). 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of isolates from the freshwater conditions revealed the presence of twenty genera of bacteria, including: Pseudomonas sp., Comamonas sp., Escherichia sp., Aeromonas sp., Citrobacter sp., Burkholderia sp., Pantoea sp., Enterobacter sp., Yersinia sp., Edwardsiella sp., Serratia sp., Bordetella sp., Morganella sp. and Chromobacterium sp. In saltwater conditions, five genera of bacteria were found dominantly: Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Yersinia sp., Vibrio sp., Edwardsiella sp. In freshwater conditions, the bacteria were mostly resistant or resistant to all tested antimicrobial drugs. Conclusions: Changes in bacterial microflora during controlled indoor reproduction of European eel predispose fish to bacterial infection especially during the first freshwater step of female maturation. New, alternative to antibiotic therapy, methods should be adopted to prevent infections and enhance spawning efficiency.

Published in Aquaculture Reports

ISSN: 2352-5134 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Agriculture: Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/aquaculture-reports/

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