Zhongguo youzhi (Oct 2023)
二氧化碳气调技术对浅圆仓大豆储藏效果的影响Effect of carbon dioxide air conditioning technology on soybean storage in squat silo
Abstract
为进一步推动虫害绿色防护技术发展，促进仓储工作高质量发展，针对浅圆仓采取下充上排式的二氧化碳气调工艺，通过考察试验仓内不同位置二氧化碳浓度变化情况、大豆品质指标变化情况和储粮害虫防治效果，研究二氧化碳气调技术对浅圆仓大豆储藏效果的影响，并与氮气气调技术进行了对比。结果表明：各检测点二氧化碳浓度维持35%以上的时间超过15 d；对锈赤扁谷盗、赤拟谷盗和玉米象等储粮害虫的防治效果显著，杀虫率达到100%；大豆粗脂肪酸值、蛋白质溶解比率和水分等指标变化较小；与氮气气调技术相比,二氧化碳气体损失的速度较氮气快，因此二氧化碳气调对仓房气密性要求更高，气调成本也更高,但二氧化碳气调技术所需密闭期较短,前期一次性投资较低。综上所述，在仓房具备良好气密性能的情况下，二氧化碳气调工艺杀虫效果显著。In order to further promote the development of green protection technology against pest and promote the high-quality development of warehousing, the carbon dioxide air conditioning process of filling low and discharging up was adopted for squat silo,and the impact of carbon dioxide air conditioning technology on the effect of the storage of soybean in squat silo by investigating the carbon dioxide concentration changes of the experimental silo in different locations, changes in soybean quality indexes and the effect of pest control in grain storage. In addition, the carbon dioxide air conditioning technology was compared with the nitrogen gas conditioning technology. The results showed that the concentration of carbon dioxide kept above 35% for more than 15 d at each detection point, and the control effect on pests such as Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Tribolium castaneum Herbst, and Sitophilus zeamais motschulsky was significant, and the killing rate reached 100%. The indexes of soybean fatty acid value, protein solubility ratio and water content changed little. The loss rate of carbon dioxide was faster than that of nitrogen, so carbon dioxide air conditioning had higher requirements for the air-tightness of warehouses, and its cost was also higher. However, carbon dioxide air conditioning technology required a shorter sealing period and a lower initial one-time investment. To sum up, under the condition that the warehouse has good air-tightness, the insecticidal effect of carbon dioxide air conditioning technology is remarkable.
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