The incidence of breast cancer in Egyptian females in correlation to different mammographic ACR densities

Abstract

Introduction: The density of breast tissue, radiologically referred to as fibroglandular mammary tissue, was found to be a predisposing factor for breast cancer (BC). However, the stated degree of elevated BC risk varies widely in the literature. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between different breast mammography densities and the risk of breast cancer in Egyptian women.. Patients and methods: An analytical cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospital and Private Centre between December 2020 and December 2021. The study included 814 asymptomatic females 40 years old or above, who came for BC screening using full-field digital mammography. Results: The incidence of BC was found in 84 females (10.3%). Breast cancer incidence was 6.3% in females with ACR-A density, 8.5% in women with ACR-B density, 16.3% in women with ACR-C density, and 27.8% in women with ACR-D density (p<0.001). Using logistic regression analysis, we showed that three types of breast density increased the risk of BC, where patients with type B, type C, and type D breast density had a 1.39, 2.92, and 3.12 times more risk for BC, respectively (p=0.010, p=0.003, and p=0.036, respectively). Conclusion: Among Egyptian females, the incidence of BC is 10.3%. Our data revealed that the greater the breast density, the higher the incidence of BC, and affirmed that breast density is a risk factor for BC development.