Russian economy and industry in decarbonization focus: Problems and solutions

Abstract

The article discusses the main stages of the emergence and awareness of the need for global measures to combat excess greenhouse gas emissions. The main emphasis is placed on the legislative and regulatory aspect, taking into account the opinions of official and interested organizations. The analysis of the materials of publications on the sources of greenhouse gas emissions and the volume of their entry into the atmosphere is carried out. In the Russian Federation, there is a noticeable change in attitude to the situation, both at the level of basic concepts and in the applied aspect. The historical and modern understanding of the greenhouse gas problem has been partially traced. The timber industry is becoming an important component of a set of measures to harmonize the performance of emission producers and carbon depositing companies. The possibility of economic regulation of emissions has the greatest potential in the hands of both the European Union and the Government of the Russian Federation. The quota trading system should become an effective fine-tuned tool in the field of regulating greenhouse gas emissions. The existing quota trading systems in the world are briefly described. Some indicators of the quota trading system for Russian companies are given. The possibilities of the timber industry and the forest fund to compensate for the consequences of the introduction of the “green tax” are presented. The main dangers from the introduction of a “green tax” for the industry of the Russian Federation are assessed. The results of emission calculations for a number of enterprises supplying products for export are analyzed. The main ways of minimizing the consequences of the introduction of a “green tax” for the economy are substantiated.