Cancer Management and Research (Jun 2020)

Factors Predicting Severe Myelosuppression and Its Influence on Fertility in Patients with Low-Risk Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia Receiving Single-Agent Methotrexate Chemotherapy

  • Tu X,
  • Chen R,
  • Huang G,
  • Lu N,
  • Chen Q,
  • Bai X,
  • Li B

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 12
pp. 4107 – 4116

Abstract

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Xiaoyu Tu,1,* Ruizhe Chen,1,* Genping Huang,1 Nanjia Lu,1 Qin Chen,2 Xiaoxia Bai,1 Baohua Li1 1Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Baohua Li Email [email protected]: To investigate the potential factors to predict severe myelosuppression among low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients with single-agent methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy. To analyze reproductive outcomes of patients with or without severe myelosuppression after achieving complete remission (CR).Patients and Methods: The retrospective study included 319 low-risk GTN patients registered from January 2008 to December 2018 in our hospital. Patients were divided into two groups according to myelosuppression grading. Their clinical data and reproductive outcomes were compared and analyzed.Results: A higher proportion of patients in group A received second-line chemotherapy than group B (P< 0.001). The number of total chemotherapy courses was more in group A than group B (P=0.001), while the number of MTX chemotherapy courses was more in group B than group A (P=0.001). When the joint predictor of pretreatment albumin (ALB) was not more than 44.5 g/L, pretreatment serum creatinine (Scr) was not less than 75.6 μmol/L, and the number of MTX chemotherapy courses was not less than four, there was a moderate predictive value. There was no significant difference of reproductive outcomes between the two groups after achieving CR.Conclusion: Although some patients developed severe myelosuppression, MTX was still the effective first-line treatment for low-risk GTN patients. Patient’s pretreatment ALB was not more than 44.5 g/L, pretreatment Scr was not less than 75.6 μmol/L, and the number of MTX chemotherapy courses not less than four could be used as combined predictors to recognize the risk of severe myelosuppression. Severe myelosuppression had no significant adverse influence on fertility after achieving CR.Keywords: gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, methotrexate, myelosuppression, fertility

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